Lets try a more detailed list, just in case something got missed.
1) iPad is on, connected to Wi-Fi, and can get to the internet (check a page in Safari to be sure).
2) Settings > Location is turned on at the top, and when you scroll down to the Maps app, it is turned on there as well.
3) Open the Maps app. The arrow icon should appear in the status bar to the left of the battery percentage. The arrow icon in the app should turn blue (tap on it if it does not, maybe more than once, it has a couple modes). Big blue circle around dot appears, and shrinks in several stages, and hopefully the map background downloads.
If none of the happens reset the iPad and try again.
Hold down the home and power buttons at the same time until the Apple logo appears. Ignore the power off slider if it appears. The iPad should reboot.
If it still does not work, I can't think of why not. At the very least the arrow icons should show whether it can locate you or not. If they are not appearing that means the location services are not even trying to find you. A call to Apple may be in order.