I have connected computer speakers to my iPad. The music is not loud enough. I have tried two different sets of speakers with poor results. I then tried a dock that I connected through the aux cable, the results were not inspiring. The dock has a radio and plays music loud. What am I doing wrong?

You might try the SRS accessory that connects between the 30 pin connector and 3.5 mm headphone/speaker plug. It's a pricey little device but it significantly increases volume and adds depth to the sound. Unfortunately it also prevents charging the iPad while it's in use. Nevertheless, if you're an audiophile trying to get better performance from the iPad, it's a good device.

Amazon.com: SRS Labs iWOW-3D Audio Enhancement Adaptor for iPhone, iPod and iPad (Black): MP3 Players & Accessories

Look into headphone amplifiers. Instead of plugging the headphones into the amp just plug the speakers in. The good ones are pretty pricey but I have seen some around $50.

Is poor volume to external speakers typical?